mailsystem/DOC/README.rate-Limit.en

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smtpd_error_sleep_time : The SMTP server response delay after a client has made more than $smtpd_soft_error_limit errors, and fewer than smtpd_hard_error_limit errors, without delivering mail.
smtpd_soft_error_limit : The number of errors a remote SMTP client is allowed to make without delivering mail before the Postfix SMTP server slows down all its responses.
smtpd_hard_error_limit : The maximal number of errors a remote SMTP client is allowed to make without delivering mail. The Postfix SMTP server disconnects when the limit is exceeded.
smtpd_recipient_limit (default 1000) parameter controls how many recipients the SMTP server will take per message delivery request. You can't restrict this to a to/cc/bcc field - it's for all recipients. For that you'd have to use a regular expression in header_checks to arbitrarily limit the length of each header to something reasonable.
smtpd_recipient_overshoot_limit (default 1000) The number of recipients that a remote SMTP client can send in excess of the hard limit specified with smtpd_recipient_limit, before the Postfix SMTP server increments the per-session error count for each excess recipient.
smtpd_hard_error_limit (default 20) parameter to know at what number of errors it will disconnect.
smtpd_soft_error_limit (default: 10) The number of errors a remote SMTP client is allowed to make without delivering mail before the Postfix SMTP server slows down all its responses.
So you technically need to consider the 3 values here which affect both inbound & outbound mail. Then theres the throttling tools.
smtpd_client_recipient_rate_limit (default: 0 no limit) The maximum number of recipient addresses that an SMTP client may specify in the time interval specified via anvil_rate_time_unit (default: 60s - careful adjusting this affects other things) and note that this is "regardless of whether or not Postfix actually accepts those recipients" Those over will receive a 450 4.7.1 Error: too many recipients from [the.client.ip.address] It's up to the client to deliver those recipients at some later time.
smtpd_client_connection_rate_limit (default: 0) The maximal number of connection attempts any client is allowed to make to this service per time unit. The time unit is specified with the anvil_rate_time_unit configuration parameter.
smtpd_client_message_rate_limit (default: 0) The maximal number of message delivery requests that any client is allowed to make to this service per time unit, regardless of whether or not Postfix actually accepts those messages. The time unit is specified with the anvil_rate_time_unit configuration parameter.